AIDS-associated nephropathy: 5-year retrospective morphologic analysis of 87 cases.

Morphologic findings in the kidneys of 138 consecutive acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) autopsies performed at the Mexico City General Hospital between 1986 and 1991 were studied. A total of 87 cases (63%) had renal disease, 62 cases presented glomerular alterations, and 80 cases showed tubulointerstitial damage. Glomerular collapse was seen in 30 cases (48%), mesangial expansion in 22 cases (35%), focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis in 20 cases (32%) and glomerular proliferation in only eight cases (11%). Nephrocalcinosis was seen in 25 cases (31%). Thirty-six cases (45%) presented tubulointerstitial infections: Mycobacterium tuberculosis in 19 cases (23%), Cryptococcus in 10 cases (12.5%), Cytomegalovirus CMV in eight cases (10%), Gram-negative bacteria in 3 cases (3.7%), and one case with histoplasmosis. In six cases the pathogens were multiple. Two cases showed infiltration of large-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Based on the results obtained by autopsies, we conclude that in our country there is a high frequency of renal affection in AIDS patients. Clinically, this disease is infrequently diagnosed and not always related to the cause of death.

[Gray-platelet syndrome associated with Marfan disease in a Mexican family]. / Síndrome de la plaqueta gris asociado a enfermedad de Marfán en una familia mexicana.

Grey-platelet syndrome is a rare familial platelet impairment characterised by lack of alpha granules and giant vacuolated platelets. A Mexican family with grey-platelet syndrome associated to Marfan disease is presented. The family was comprised of 22 members, of whom 3 (the propositus and two of his nephews) could be studied. Two of them, with haemorrhagic symptoms since childhood, had moderate prolongation of the Ivy bleeding time which improved after DDAVP administration, plus moderate thrombocytopenia, giant platelets and abnormal platelet aggregation induced by adrenalin, ADP and collagen. Platelet factor 4 was normal. Electron microscope examination of platelets showed lack of alpha granules and increased dense bodies. The rarity of the casual association of two low-frequency genetic diseases, namely Marfan disease and the grey-platelet syndrome, is commented, along with the response attained with DDAVP in the two affected individuals.

[Hodgkin's disease in the Hospital General de México. Study of 309 cases]. / Enfermedad de Hodgkin en el Hospital General de México. Estudio de 309 casos.

In order to know the frequency and distribution of the histologic types of Hodgkin disease (HD) in the general Hospital of Mexico City and to compare the results with those of other countries; 96,909 surgical specimens were reviewed; 422 were of HD, from which only 309 (0.31%) could be reclassified according to the modified Rye classification, 214 (69%) were male and 95 (31%) female (M:F = 1:2.25). The mean age for the group was 26 years, for females was 30 and for males 24. The graphic for age and sex showed a unimodal curve in both sexes. The most frequent histologic type was mixed cellularity with 175 cases (56.6%), followed by the NE type with 83 (26.9%), the DL with 26 (8.4%) and finally the PL type with 25 (8.1%). In all the groups predominated the males as reported by other authors, but they reported a bimodal curve of age distribution and ours was unimodal as reported in Peru, Colombia, Uganda. The mean age is also one decade younger than in other countries, probably because almost 50% of the Mexican population are youngsters. The distribution of histologic types is similar to those of South Africa, Colombia, Uganda, Zambia and to the poor black population from USA, where the most frequent type is the mixed cellularity. The frequency of the other histologic types differs from the reports of Denmark Sweden, USA and England were the NE type predominates.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)